双语阅览牛顿莎士比亚……盘点那些在阻隔期间创作力井喷的名人

1. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE 威廉·莎士比亚

Shakespeare was an actor and shareholder with The King’s Men theater troupe when the bubonic plague forced London theaters to close in the early 17th century. The official rule was that after weeks, when the death toll exceeded 30, public playhouses had to shut down. This meant that the theater industry was paralyzed for much of 1606. After suddenly finding himself without a steady job and lots of free time, Shakespeare got to writing. He composedKing Lear,Macbeth, andAntony and Cleopatrabefore the year was over.

17世纪前期，黑死病迫使伦敦的剧院封闭，莎士比亚正在国王臣民剧团当艺人并担任股东。几周后逝世人数超越30人，官方规则公共剧场有必要封闭。这在某种程度上预示着1606年的大部分时刻，伦敦的戏曲职业都处于瘫痪状况。忽然发现了自己没有了安稳作业但却有了很多自在时刻的莎士比亚开端投入写作。他在这一年内就写出了《李尔王》、《麦克白》和《安东尼与克莉奥佩特拉》。

2. ISAAC NEWTON 艾萨克·牛顿

In 1665, when Newton was in his early 20s, one of the last major outbreaks of the bubonic plague hit the country. Classes at Cambridge University were canceled, so Newton retreated to his family estate roughly 60 miles away to continue his studies there. He didn’t have to worry about responding to professors' emails or video conferencing into classes, and with zero structure, he excelled. The young mathematician produced some of his best work during his year in quarantine, writing the papers that would become early calculus and developing his theories on optics while playing with prisms in his bedroom. This was also the time when his theory of gravity germinated. While an apple likely didn’t hit Newton on the head, there was an apple tree outside his window that may have inspired his revelation.

1665年，在牛顿20岁出面的时分，史上最终一次黑死病大瘟疫在英国暴发了。剑桥大学停课了，所以牛顿回到大约60英里（97千米）开外的宗族庄园，持续做自己的研讨。在那个年代，他不必回复教授的电子邮件，也不必上网课，没有了条条框框的捆绑，他反而做出了出色成果。这位年青的数学家在阻隔期间写出了自己最出色的一些作品，在这期间写的论文奠定了前期微积分学的根底，在卧室里玩棱镜的时分开展出了自己的光学理论。这也是牛顿的万有引力理论萌发的时期。或许苹果没有砸到牛顿的头上，可是他窗外的一棵苹果树或许给他带来了启示。

3. EDVARD MUNCH 爱德华·蒙克

TheScreampainter Edvard Munch didn’t just witness the Spanish Flu pandemic change the world around him—he contracted the disease around the beginning of 1919, while living in Norway. But instead of becoming one of its many victims, Munch lived to continue making great art. As soon as he felt physically capable, he gathered his painting supplies and began capturing his physical state.Self-Portrait with the Spanish Flushows him with thinning hair and a gaunt face sitting in front of his sickbed.

《呼吁》的作者爱德华·蒙克不只目击了西班牙大流感改变了周围的国际，1919年头他居住在挪威期间自己也被感染了。可是蒙克没有沦为疫病的受害者，而是持续创造巨大的艺术作品。身体刚好些，他就拿起自己的绘画东西开端描绘当下的身体状况。在这幅《患西班牙流感后的自画像》中，可以正常的看到头发淡薄、面庞瘦弱的蒙克坐在病床前。

4. THOMAS NASHE 托马斯·纳什

Thomas Nashe was an Elizabethan playwright who gained fame around the same time as William Shakespeare. When the bubonic plague hit London in 1592, Nashe fled to the English countryside to avoid infection. This was the same time he wroteSummers' Last Will and Testament, a play that reflects his experiences living through the pandemic.

托马斯·纳什是伊丽莎白一世年代的剧作家，他和莎士比亚是在同一时期成名的。1592年，黑死病突击伦敦时，纳什逃到英国乡间去逃避瘟疫。就是在这样一个时刻段他写出了《夏天的遗言》，这部戏曲反映了他在大流行病期间的阅历。

其间很有名的一段是这样写的：

Adieu, farewell earths blisse,

This world uncertaine is,

Fond are lifes lustful joyes,

Death proves them all but toyes,

None from his darts can flye;

I am sick, I must dye:

Lord, have mercy on us.

此生永诀，人世极乐；

世事总是无常；

人生贪恋的欢欣；

逝世视之若尘土；

无物逃脱死的箭头；

生老病死。

主啊，赐我以仁慈！

5. GIOVANNI BOCCACCIO 乔万尼·薄伽丘

Florentine writer and poet Giovanni Boccaccio was personally affected by the bubonic plague. When it hit Florence in 1348, both his father and stepmother succumbed to the disease. Boccaccio survived the outbreak by fleeing the city and hiding out in the Tuscan countryside. During this period, he wroteThe Decameron, a collection of novellas framed as stories a group of friends tell each other while quarantined inside a villa during the plague.

佛罗伦萨作家、诗人乔万尼·薄伽丘亲自感触到了黑死病的影响。1348年当黑死病突击佛罗伦萨时，他的父亲和继母都患病而死。薄伽丘逃离了城市，躲到托斯卡纳乡间，从而在疫情中幸存了下来。在这期间，他写出了《十日谈》，这是一部中篇小说合集，叙说的是瘟疫期间一群朋友在一座乡间别墅中阻隔时给对方讲的故事。